white and brown boat on sea near city buildings during daytime
a view of a building with two domes
Lanscape of the Old Town in Istanbul Turkey

Istanbul

Turkey
Marketplace & ShoppingHistoricalReligious & SpiritualCulturalArt & Architecture
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white and brown boat on sea near city buildings during daytime

Photo by Ante Samarzija

Istanbul hits you with a crosswind of spice and sea air the moment you step out. The call to prayer floats over traffic, softening the city’s edge. Start in Sultanahmet for the postcard view: domes, minarets, and the Bosphorus glittering beyond. But the real heartbeat’s in Kadıköy’s markets, where fishmongers shout prices and pickle stalls glow fluorescent green. Sip tea under a chestnut tree in Ortaköy, then wander Balat’s painted houses, laundry flapping above cobbled alleys. Expect gridlock at rush hour and tourists clogging the Hagia Sophia, but step onto a ferry at dusk and the whole skyline turns magic. Istanbul’s charm is layered — part stage set, part living city — and it’s best savoured in slices.

Quick Facts

currency
TRY
languages
Turkish
airports
Istanbul Airport
size
Mega City
power
Type C, Type F
timezone
GMT+3 (Turkey Time, TRT)
safety
Moderately safe
costs
Moderate

General Information

Safety indexIstanbul is considered moderately safe for tourists. Petty crime such as pickpocketing, especially in crowded tourist areas and on public transportation, can occur, so standard precautions are advised. Major incidents are rare, but it’s best to avoid political demonstrations and big crowds. The city is generally safe at night in touristy districts, though some neighborhoods should be avoided after dark.

Best Time to TravelThe best time to travel to Istanbul is during spring (April to June) and fall (September to November), when the weather is pleasantly mild, attractions are open, and there are many cultural events. Summers can be hot and humid, while winters are cold and rainy, though snow is rare.

Least crowded and still a good time to visitLate September to early November is a great time to visit Istanbul for fewer crowds, comfortable temperatures, and often lower hotel rates. This period is after the summer high season but before the city gets rainy and cold in winter.

BudgetIstanbul can accommodate a wide range of budgets. Backpackers can expect to spend around $30-50 USD per day for hostels, street food, and public transit. Mid-range travelers might spend $70-150 USD with meals in restaurants and private accommodation. High-end travelers can enjoy luxury for $200+ per day. Major attractions are affordable, but prices rise in the most touristy areas.

Healthcare and VaccinationsIstanbul has modern healthcare facilities, especially in private hospitals which are widely available and used by tourists for emergencies or minor illnesses. It is advisable to have travel health insurance. No special vaccinations are required for Istanbul beyond routine immunizations (MMR, DTP, etc.), but travelers should be up-to-date on all standard vaccines. Tap water is chlorinated and generally safe, but most visitors prefer bottled water.

Visa RequirementsVisa requirements for Istanbul, Turkey, depend on your nationality. Many travelers from the EU, UK, and some Asian and South American countries can enter visa-free or get an e-Visa online within minutes, valid for tourism and short visits. US and Australian citizens need an e-Visa as well. Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your date of entry. Always check up-to-date visa requirements before traveling.

Weather in Istanbul

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First-time travelers

Half Europe, half Asia—yet always fully alive. Istanbul hits the senses right away, day or night. Scents of roasting chestnuts drift from dark alleys. Streetcars rattle down Istiklal Avenue, their bells joining the call to prayer. This city doesn’t ease you in. It dazzles, dazzles, then asks for your trust.

Waves and Whispers of History

The Bosphorus shines in the morning, splashing sunlight into open-air ferries, packed with commuters and sleepy seagulls. Crossings feel less like transport, more like pageantry—Europe and Asia nodding at each other all day long. In Sultanahmet, centuries crowd around you. The Hagia Sophia’s dome breathes gold light above old mosaic saints.

Listen outside Küçük Ayasofya Camii in the evening breeze. Neighborhood tea lounges spill into the streets. Sugar cubes clink, and men play tavla without a glance at tourists. This isn’t scenery. It’s community, lived beside history.

Every Bite a Revelation

Skip hotel breakfasts. Step out hungry. A simit vendor hands you sesame bread, still warm. Follow that urge for something sweet—try a sticky-brown baklava in Karaköy from Karaköy Güllüoğlu. The city runs on çay: deep red, poured from glass pots at every corner.

  • Ride the public ferry at sunset for city-wide views.
  • Wake up early for a walk around Balat. Pastel houses, sleepy cats, coffee aroma.
  • Dip into a meyhane in Kadıköy for music and meze platters.

First time in Istanbul means a little lost—good. Let the city teach you how to wander. Walk beside the old city walls. Hear clapping from a wedding party. Stand back as children play soccer in tired plazas. Istanbul loves newcomers. With each street, it opens—more story, more sound, more color. Don’t rush it. The city reveals itself one generous layer at a time.

Return travelers

If you’re coming back to Istanbul, you already know its pulse: busy, bold, never asleep. The crowds at Sultanahmet or Grand Bazaar no longer distract. This time, the city waits for you in its smaller corners—the backstage Istanbul, textured and local.

Behind the Well-Worn Facades

Take the ferry, but skip the main docks. Head to Kuzguncuk, on the Asian side. There, wooden houses with bright shutters hide tiny antique shops and old synagogues from view. Laundry flutters overhead. Nargile smoke and blooming lilacs mix into a curious perfume.

Breakfast feels different now. Grab a crunchy börek from Çengelköy Börekçisi and sit by the creek, sharing space with old fishermen. You know the value of quiet pauses; the city rewards those who linger where locals live, not guidebooks.

From Rituals to Surprises

Relax into Istanbul’s rhythm. Wind up narrow stairs to a rooftop in Cihangir, where stray dogs doze between potted herbs. Watch a Galatasaray match at a Taksim side-street tavern. Chew a cube of tulum cheese as the streetlights flicker on. Now, Istanbul smiles back. The city offers friendship, not just spectacle.

  • Visit Ortaköy Mosque at dawn—just birds, fog, fishermen.
  • Check out the vintage shops and art galleries along Tomtom Kaptan Sokak.
  • Take in live percussion at Arka Oda in Kadıköy on a Thursday night.

Return travelers know Istanbul better—and the city knows you. The pace slows, colors feel deeper, and every return opens another secret. Let yourself be part of everything: feral cats, ferry horns, shopkeepers waving you in for tea. Istanbul remembers those who come back, rewarding curiosity with unexpected warmth.

Must-see locations

Aerial shot of a prominent mosque amidst a busy city, showcasing vibrant architecture and urban life.
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Aerial shot of a prominent mosque amidst a busy city, showcasing vibrant architecture and urban life.

Photo by Fatih Turan

Taksim Square

Taksim Square pulses with Istanbul’s energy—street performers, flower stalls, and busy cafes fill the plaza. People gather by the Republic Monument. Nearby Istiklal Avenue, historic tram, and Gezi Park invite walks and people-watching.

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Vibrant view of Fener Greek Patriarchate and colorful houses in Istanbul, Turkey.
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Vibrant view of Fener Greek Patriarchate and colorful houses in Istanbul, Turkey.

Photo by Nemika F

Fener District

Narrow streets wind past colorful Ottoman houses in Fener District, Istanbul, where locals sip tea at street cafes beside the Golden Horn. Tour the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate and admire the tall red domes of Phanar Greek High School.

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Colorful and bright houses on the streets of Istanbul. Balat district.
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Colorful and bright houses on the streets of Istanbul. Balat district.

Photo by user26847866

Balat

Colorful houses line narrow streets in Balat, Istanbul, where locals sip tea outside historic synagogues. Street art pops up near antiques shops. Cafés bustle while Armenian and Greek churches echo the area’s layered past. Perfect for slow walks.

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Galata tower overlooks the istanbul skyline and bosphorus.
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Galata tower overlooks the istanbul skyline and bosphorus.

Photo by usman faisal

Galata Tower

Soaring above Istanbul’s old streets, Galata Tower gives sweeping Bosphorus views and a skyline dotted with minarets. Climb the medieval stone steps, explore lively Galata neighborhood cafés, and snap panoramic city photos.

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Spice Bazaar, Historic market filled with spices
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Spice Bazaar, Historic market filled with spices

Spice Bazaar

Fragrant with saffron and cardamom, the Spice Bazaar in Istanbul bursts with vibrant stalls, lively bargaining, and colorful Turkish delight. Ottoman arches shelter spice merchants, sweet shops, and a swirl of local flavors and traditions.

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How to get there

By air

Istanbul is served by two international airports: Istanbul Airport (IST) on the European side and Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW) on the Asian side. Both are well-connected to cities worldwide and offer many flight options.
Options to get to town:
Taxi
Price:
IST: €20-30, SAW: €25-35 (varies depending on location)
Duration:
IST: 40-60 min, SAW: 60-90 min (to city center; depends on traffic)
Where to buy:
At official taxi ranks outside the terminal
Airport bus
Price:
IST: ~€3-5, SAW: ~€2-4
Duration:
IST: 60-90 min, SAW: 60-90 min (to city center; depends on route and traffic)
Where to buy:
Ticket offices/kiosks at the airport or through Istanbulkart
Train/shuttle
Price:
IST: Metro (M11) ~€1, HAVIST shuttle ~€3-5; SAW: Havatas shuttle ~€3-4
Duration:
IST Metro: ~35-40 min (to Kağıthane, connect via metro/bus), shuttles ~60-90 min; SAW shuttle: ~60-90 min
Where to buy:
Metro: Istanbulkart from kiosks, shuttles: at airport counters or online

By train

Istanbul is connected by train domestically to several Turkish cities, such as Ankara and Eskişehir, mainly through the high-speed YHT service arriving at Söğütlüçeşme (Asian side) and Halkalı stations (European side). International trains include limited services from Sofia (Bulgaria) and Bucharest (Romania), but these are infrequent and may require booking in advance.

By car

Istanbul is accessible via a network of highways from Europe via Bulgaria and Greece, and from within Turkey. Major routes include E80 (from the west, via Edirne) and E90 (from the east). Traffic congestion can be severe, especially during peak hours.
Additional charges to be aware of:
Toll / vignette / emission sticker
Cost:
Tolls (HGS/OGS, varies by route and distance, e.g., €2-15 for major bridges)
How to pay:
HGS sticker at select petrol stations or post offices (PTT) near border and in city
Other driving costs
Cost:
Parking fees (€1-3/hour typical in city centers)
How to pay:
Pay at garages, lots, or street meters

By ferry

Istanbul is not connected to other countries by international ferry lines, but it does have domestic car and passenger ferries from cities such as Bandırma (from the southern coast of Marmara Sea) via IDO and BUDO companies. Ferries are a scenic way to approach the city from within Turkey.
Useful websites for ferry tickets:

How to get around

Public transport

Public transport in Istanbul is extensive and convenient, consisting of metros, trams, buses, funiculars, and ferries. The Istanbulkart is a rechargeable smart card valid on nearly all forms of city transport. Public transit avoids severe traffic, especially in busy city areas, making it an efficient way to explore.

Ticket options:
Ticket TypePriceWhere to buy
Single ticketApprox. 18 TLVending machines at stations, kiosks
Day passApprox. 40-70 TL (varies by number of rides)Vending machines at main metro stations, kiosks

Taxis & ridesharing

Taxis & Ridesharing are widely available across Istanbul. Taxis are metered and easy to hail or call. Ridesharing apps operate, primarily using regular taxis rather than private cars. Fares are affordable, but always ensure the meter is on to avoid disputes.

Service providers:
ProviderPriceHow to book
Local taxiStarting at 24 TL, plus per kilometerStreet hailing, hotel reception, taxi stands
Ridesharing appSimilar to regular taxi rates; extra fees may applyApps like BiTaksi, iTaksi

Car rental

Car rental is available but not generally recommended in central Istanbul, due to heavy traffic and challenging parking. However, it can be handy for trips outside the city or for exploring the outskirts at your own pace.

Rental options:
ServicePriceHow to book
Daily rentalFrom 800 TL/day (varies by car type)Major international companies (Hertz, Avis, Europcar) and local agencies
Weekly rentalFrom 4,500 TL/weekAirport counters, city offices of major rental firms

Bike & scooter rental

Bike & Scooter rental is a good option for short distances and sightseeing, especially along the waterfront. Sidewalks can be crowded and streets hilly, so routes are best planned in advance.

Rental options:
ServicePriceHow to book
Bike rentalAround 25-50 TL per hourIsbike docking stations, local bike shops
Scooter rentalAround 2 TL/min for e-scootersMartı, BinBin, or Hop app

Ferry / Boat

Ferries are an iconic and essential way to cross between the European and Asian sides of Istanbul. They offer scenic, inexpensive, and quick journeys, especially to places like Kadıköy, Üsküdar, and the Princes’ Islands.

Useful websites for ferry tickets:

What to eat

The first thing that hits me in Istanbul isn’t the call to prayer—it’s the scent of grilling lamb. Every alley brims with action. Vendors slice sizzling doner, breads puff in fiery ovens, and someone nearby rushes baklava onto silver trays. Old men argue over tea glasses; young couples share roasted corn, smoky and sweet. Istanbul’s food scene is vibrant and just a little chaotic. It’s a city built on appetite and hospitality, daring you to taste everything. Whether in the noisy markets or cozy fish restaurants on the Bosphorus, every meal feels like a celebration. If you crave flavor, Istanbul calls your name by the mouthful.

Signature Dishes

  • Kebap: Succulent lamb or chicken grilled over charcoal, with smoky spices and fluffy pita. Often served at neighborhood ocakbasi restaurants, where the chef works fireside in plain view.
  • Balık Ekmek: Fresh mackerel fillets slapped into a crusty roll with salad, right off the boats in Eminönü. A must-try for anyone walking along the Golden Horn.
  • Menemen: Eggs scrambled with juicy tomatoes, green peppers, and local feta. Always best at a casual café with crusty village bread.
  • Lahmacun: Thin, crisp flatbread baked with spicy minced meat, lemon, and parsley. Fold and eat fast; it cools quickly.
  • Meze Plates: Small starters like creamy hummus, smoky eggplant (patlıcan salatası), and tangy stuffed grape leaves. Ideal for sharing before grilled fish at a meyhane (tavern).

Street Food & Markets

The street food in Istanbul is pure excitement, from golden simit rings sold at sunrise to steaming midye dolma (stuffed mussels) dished out after midnight. Bustling bazaars like the Spice Market offer mounds of Turkish delight and dried fruits, their aromas mixing in the air. On Istiklal Avenue, look for kokoreç—herbed lamb intestines sizzling on a spit, chopped and tucked into bread. Markets like Kadıköy brim with pickled vegetables, fresh cheeses, and wrinkled olives. Some stalls shout for attention, while others hide their secrets for you to find. It’s all part of the city’s edible theater.

Sweet Treats & Drinks

Istanbul means dessert temptation. Try baklava—sticky with honey, flaky with layers of pistachio or walnut—in Karaköy Güllüoğlu, famed across the city. Lokum, or Turkish delight, comes rose-scented or studded with nuts in the Grand Bazaar. Savor boza, a tangy winter drink, at Vefa Bozacısı. Don’t skip Turkish tea, poured hot and black into tulip glasses, or thick coffee served alongside a sugar cube in any local pastane.

Why Travelers Eat Here

  • Vibrant street food culture—snacking is woven into every stroll and sunset promenade.
  • Layers of tradition—meals combine Ottoman, Greek, Balkan, and Middle Eastern influences.
  • Stunning food markets—colorful displays and irresistible aromas at every turn.
  • Warm hospitality—chefs and stall owners invite you to taste, talk, and stay a while.

Istanbul’s food doesn’t just fill you up—it draws you in, flavor by story, bite by adventure. With every meal, the city becomes more familiar, generous, and unforgettable. Come hungry. Leave changed.

Top Rated Restaurants

Garden 1897 Restaurant

Garden 1897 Restaurant

4.9 (17.7k reviews)
$$
LocationInside of Garden House Hotel, Küçük Ayasofya, Şht. Mehmetpaşa Sok. No5, 34122 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye
Mivan Restaurant & Cafe

Mivan Restaurant & Cafe

4.9 (8.5k reviews)
$$
LocationEmin Sinan, Piyer Loti Cd. No:34, 34130 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye
TurguT Restaurant Sirkeci

TurguT Restaurant Sirkeci

4.9 (7.4k reviews)
LocationHocapaşa mahallesi, Ebussuud Cd. plevne iş hanı numara 34/A, 34112 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye
Loti Restaurant

Loti Restaurant

4.9 (7.1k reviews)
$$
LocationBinbirdirek, Piyer Loti Cd. No: 1, 34400 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye
Hidden Garden Restaurant Sultanahmet

Hidden Garden Restaurant Sultanahmet

4.9 (18.5k reviews)
$$
LocationBinbirdirek, Peykhane Cd. No: 14/A, 34122 Fatih/İstanbul, Türkiye

Accommodations

In Istanbul, choosing where to sleep can shape your experience as much as any sight. The city stretches between two continents—ancient to ultramodern, tranquil to wild. Each area carries a different beat, and the right neighborhood means the difference between soft Turkish mornings or late-night street food, hidden courtyards or rooftop views. Knowing the city’s mosaic can transform an ordinary stay into one to remember.

Neighborhood Overview

  • Sultanahmet: Sultanahmet is the heart of old Byzantium. Waking up here means walking to the Blue Mosque, Hagia Sophia, and Grand Bazaar before the crowds. Hotels are cozy but slightly touristy. Great for history lovers or first-timers, less for those seeking nightlife.
  • Beyoğlu (including Karaköy and Galata): Beyoğlu pulses with life. Antique shops, art spaces, and rooftop bars fill the streets. Galata’s old towers and Karaköy’s salons attract creatives, couples, and night owls. Noise floats through open windows, but the vibe more than makes up for it.
  • Kadıköy: Kadıköy sits on the Asian side. Boisterous markets, local rock venues, and cafes where plates of meze never stop arriving. Quieter guesthouses and artsy lofts please travelers who want fewer tourists and a lived-in, bohemian feel. Ferries whisk you across the Bosphorus with city lights shimmering above.
  • Beşiktaş: Beşiktaş blends student hangouts with upscale cafes. Football chants echo at night, and breakfast is king—locals linger over spreads of olives, cheeses, and tea. Small family hotels suit groups and energetic travelers.
  • Nişantaşı: Nişantaşı is Istanbul’s upscale shopping and residential hub. Tree-lined avenues hold designer boutiques, apartments, and discreet boutique hotels. Perfect for luxury seekers, families, or those who want a peaceful base away from tourist crowds. Prices run high, but the calm and comfort can be worth it.

Types of Accommodation

  • Historic Boutique Hotels: Find these in Sultanahmet and Galata. Think carved ceilings, hammams, and breakfast terraces. Prices range from $80 to $250 per night.
  • Guesthouses & Budget Hostels: Kadıköy and Beşiktaş shine here. Expect clean rooms and lively common spaces for $20–$60 per night.
  • Modern Apartments & Aparthotels: Nişantaşı and Beyoğlu offer stylish studios and serviced flats. Good for longer stays or families; expect $70–$200.

Insider Tips for Booking

Book three to four weeks in advance for the best variety. Spring and autumn bring higher prices—plan for 15% increases. Always check for extra city taxes and confirm if breakfast is included. Avoid holiday weekends unless you love crowds.

Some nights, the city hums beneath your window. Other times, only call to prayer stirs the air. Wherever you stay, Istanbul’s many faces are never far—wait for the city to reveal them, one morning at a time.